高三英语语法课型报告及课例
高三英语语法课型报告及课例<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
华士高中 刘芳
一直以来语法学习是学生头疼的问题,在新课程理念下,如何将语法课生动化是英语教师的追求目标。高三的语法复习课不同于新授课更不是旧知识的简单重复。我们高三所有英语老师志在探索如何将语法复习课的效率最大化、提高学生英语学习的兴趣。
经过高中两年的学习,高三学生已经具备了基本的语法知识结构。高三的语法复习重在提高学生的学以致用的能力。在高三的语法复习课中,结合学生原有的知识水平,将语法知识进行整合,既可以夯实学生的基础又可以帮助学生正确的运用语法知识,提高学生运用语言的能力。基于这一原则,我们精心设计语法学案,设计教学环节,为学生的英语学习保驾护航。
下面将结合“非谓语动词”的复习专题,谈谈语法复习策略。
一、课例解析
1. 语法项目:非谓语动词
2. 教学目标:1)知识目标:理解非谓语动词的基本形式和及在句子中的语法功能
2)能力目标:能灵活运用非谓语动词的不同功能
能运用非谓语动词表达自己的思想和观点
3)情感目标:培养合作精神和提升合作能力。
3. 教学方法:学案导学,任务型教学
4. 教学流程:Lead-in- Revision-Discussion-Presentation-Consolidation-Writing
5. 学情分析:在前期的学习中,学生已经接触了大量的非谓语动词,脑海中有了基本的结构框架。但是由于该语法项目内容比较多、比较杂,学生在运用中还存在着很多的漏洞。
6. 具体教学步骤及解析:
Step 1: Lead in
Present a short passage about the life of senior three students and ask them to find out the non-finite verbs.
解析:本环节用一篇第一人称描写高三生活的文章进行导入,文章内容贴近学生生活实际,容易吸引学生的兴趣。同时将枯燥无味的语法知识融入到语篇教学中。
Step 2:Revision
Say out the basic form of non-finite verb and the sentence elements of them.
解析:本环节是建立在学生已经具有该语法知识的基础之上,通过复习加深学生对这一概念和基本知识的掌握,为下一环节做好铺垫。
Step 3: Discussion
First, present the way to solve the problems related to non-finite and give them an example. Second, analyze the result of their task-based sheet and give them some feedback. Third, give them ten minutes for them to discuss in groups about the difficult problems on the screen.
解析:本环节首先是解题策略指导,让学生在解题时有“法”可依,有据可循。第一步:辨别“谓与非谓”; 第二步:找非谓语动词的逻辑主语; 第三步:判断语态;第四步:分析时态。并用例子帮助学生熟练掌握该解题策略,为后面展讲过程做好充分准备。对学生学案中存在的问题作出反馈,以便于学生在讨论和展讲环节能够有重点、有针对性。讨论的环节的最后两分钟,让学生随机抽取展讲任务并讨论如何设计本组的展讲策略。讨论的过程是学生积极主动参与学习的过程,通过讨论增强学生的小组合作意识和口语交际能力。
Step 4: Presentation
Ask students to present the result of their discussion to the whole class. When necessary, the teacher will give some explanation to help them understand the key points better.
解析:本环节是整节课的中心环节。学生的主体地位得以充分体现。有各个小组选派代表来有条理地展讲本小组的任务,并接受同学和老师的质询。在必要的时候需要老师在做适当的补充、总结。
Step 5: Consolidation
Present the same passage in the first step. All of the non-finite verbs are left out. The task of the students is to use the correct form of the words in the bracket to complete the passage and read the passage by themselves.
解析:本环节将在导入部分的文章重现,以语篇为单位训练学生的语法运用能力,让学生通过独立完成动词适当形式填空的任务来检测和巩固所学知识,有助于学生理解语法学习词不离句、句不离篇的特点,也有助于培养学生的篇章意识即有意识地把单句放在语篇或上下文来理解,有意识地根据具体语境选用正确的语法形式。
Step 6: Writing
Ask students to write a short passage using as many non-finite verbs as possible.
解析:本环节是一个开放性的操练,目的是让学生运用所学语言进行真实的交际。让学生结合自己的实际情况,仿照上一环节的文章,写写自己的生活学习情况及对未来的设想和打算。学生通过写作,能有意识地使用目标语法,通过以上任务活动,学生对所复习的语法知识有了更深层次的理解,能力得到了提升
二、教学反思
1.学案中体现基础知识和拓展训练,旨在夯实学生基础知识的同时加强能力提升。任务设置时考虑到语法学习规律,由浅入深,层层深入。
2. 教学过程中教师结合学案及班级学情作适当的调整,“教学有法,教无定法”。体现学生的主体性是本节课的核心所在,在本节课上,学生是课堂的主人,我多次采用同伴合作学习方式,激发了学生的求知欲望,并增强了他们学习的成就感。再通过学生小组成员之间的互动交流、互相启发、互相学习,降低学生作为被动学习者的焦虑感,真正使学生自主学习,成为学习的主人。
3. 依托语篇,在教学重视情境教学。有意识地将语言的形式和功能相结合,设计语境,注意语言形式在真实语境中的运用。
4. 重视教学方法的灵活性。简单的传授语法规则,按条条框框教下去,只会让学生认为语法是死的,要死记硬背,只会让学生畏惧英语。根据语法项目的需求,设计不同的教学方法或角度,用多种方法吸引学生参与课堂活动,积极展讲和质疑。
5. 重视解题策略的指导。学案编制时加入解题思路指导,有利于学生在解题过程中不至于无头绪。学案中将考点与难点想结合,以任务形式体现。这便于教师在分工的时候的实际操作。同时学习小组带着任务进行合作学习,目的性强,效率高。
附件:非谓语动词学案
学习目标:
通过本语法项目的复习,使学生熟悉非谓语动词的用法,并能熟练应用。
重点难点:
1.非谓语动词的形式和基本用法; 2. 动词-ing形式的完成式、被动式与过去分词的用法差异;3.不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式的用法; 4. 独立主格结构的用法。
解题思路:
1. 解析句子结构,确定设空处在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或补语等);
2. 找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);
3. 搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式;
4. 将该选项置入空中,看能否做到词从意顺,或是否能传达有效信息并完成交际任务。
学习任务:
There are nine planets moving around the sun, and the earth is one of them.
根据上面例句体会什么是非谓语动词:____________________________________________
一. 非谓语动词种类及功能
非谓语动词的三种形式:____________ ____________ ____________
划出下列句子的非谓语动词,并指出非谓语动词在句中所做成分。
1. I want to read a book written by the woman living there. ________________________
2. Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. _______________________
3. Arriving at home, he found his house broken into and his son crying. ____________________
4. Not allowed to smoke in the room, the man had to smoke outside. __________________
5. To see is to believe. / Seeing is believing. ________________________
6. The boy is missing and the police are puzzled. ________________________
7. The boy asked his staff to go through the plan to be carried out the next week. _____________
二. 非谓语动词在句中可做哪些成分?
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主语 |
宾语 |
宾补/主补 |
表语 |
定语 |
状语 |
不定式 |
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动名词 |
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分词 |
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非谓语动词有哪些形式?
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不定式 |
动名词 |
现在分词 |
过去分词 |
一般主动式 |
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一般被动式 |
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进行式 |
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完成主动式 |
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完成被动式 |
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三.非谓语动词的基本考点
考点一:
分词(现在分词和过去分词)和不定式作定语时的区别:
The problem ___________________last month is on pollution. (discuss)
The problem ____________________now is how to get rid of pollution. (discuss)
The problem ____________________tomorrow will be of great help to our teaching. (discuss)
小结: 动词不定式作定语时表_____________ 现在分词作定语时表___________________
过去分词作定语时表_____________________.
注意点:
1. Reading is considered as the best way_________(enlarge) the English vocabulary.
2. This is the second tomb _________(find)
归纳:当名词由___________, ___________修饰时,用 ____________作定语, 放在名词后。
Practice:
1.The housewife__________by the researcher said that she was satisfied with the goods. (interview)
2.The building project ______________will be completed as soon as possible. (carry out)
3.The book ______________________next month is on grammar. (publish)
考点二:非谓语动词主动表被动
1. His handwriting is difficult_______________ (recognize).
2. He is a man hard ________________(deal with).
3. It is Tom that is ________________ (blame) for the accident.
4. The window wants/r e q u i r es/needs _________________ (repair)
5. The book is worth _______________ (read) twice.
小结:上述情况属于用动词不定式或分词的__________形式表__________含义。
注意点:Manager, do you have anything to type? _______________________________________
Manager, do you have anything to be typed? _________________________________
考点三:
动词不定式的复合结构: It + (be) + adj + for sb. to do It + (be) + adj + of sb. to do
1. Don’t you think it foolish/stupid/silly _________him to believe such a person as him?
2. I consider it unnatural ____________________________a child of her age to say so.
3. I think it would be best _________________________________her to take his advice.
归纳:形容词说明somebody时用____________________________
形容词说明to do…时用____________________________
考点四:
有些动词后接动词不定式和动名词的区别:
1. He regrets ________________ able to watch the volleyball match. (not be)
We regret ________________that the film was not worth seeing. (say)
2. I do remember _____ for my extra work, but I’m not sure of the exact number. (pay)
Please remember ___________ the letter for me when you pass the post office. (post)
3. She searched the top of the hill and stopped _________________on a big rock. (rest)
The bus was so crowded that the driver stopped ____________the passengers. (pick up)
4. I tried ______________________him to stop smoking, but failed. (persuade)
Have you tried __________________the problem in a different way? (solve)
5. I’m afraid your suggestion can’t help ____________the service of their shop. (improve)
I couldn’t help ______________by the beauty of the West Lake. (strike)
联想:像这样的动词还有哪些? ___________________________________________________
考点五:
1. We don’t allow _____________here. We don’t allow students _________. (smoke)
2. I advise __________more exercise. I advise her __________more exercise. (take)
总结: sb+ permit, allow, advise, forbid +________ (do)
permit, allow, advise, forbid+sb/sth+___________(do)
sb/sth+ be + permitted, allowed, advised, forbidden+ ___________(do)
考点六:
动词的 –ing 和 –ed 形式的区别:
1.The boy said in a ____________voice that he was _________by the dog. (frighten)
2.The _____________boy made his parents __________a lot. (disappoint)
3.What a ___________poem! The children got deeply _________by it. (move)
4.Your answer to this problem doesn’t seem so ________________. (satisfy)
小结:v-ing表:___________________ v-ed 表:______________________
考点七:
非谓语作补语的各种形式, 即 verb + object + (do/ doin